STANDARISASI SIMPLISIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK DAUN HANTAP (Sterculia coccinea Var. Jack) TERHADAP Candida albicans

Abstract

Hantap leaves (Sterculia coccinea Var. Jack) is a plant species with potential antifungal activity. This study aimed to determine the standardization results of hantap leaf simplicia and to evaluate whether hantap leaf extract possesses antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Research procedures included quality characteristic examinations of simplicia comprising specific and non-specific parameters, followed by antifungal activity testing using the cup-plate (well diffusion) method. Macroscopic examination showed that simplicia powder was green, had a distinctive smell, and was tasteless. Microscopic examination identified characteristic fragments including starch grains, covering hairs, anomocytic stomata, vascular bundles, upper epidermis, and lower epidermis. Ethanol-soluble extract content was 14.36%, water-soluble extract content was 18.29%, moisture content was 4%, total ash content was 8.64%, acid-insoluble ash was 1.64%, and drying loss was 6.83%, all meeting Farmakope Herbal Indonesia (FHI) 2017 requirements. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 was observed in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts. The n-hexane extract showed no inhibition zone at any concentration. Both ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts demonstrated strong inhibition zone diameters at 100% concentration. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of both extracts against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 was 1%.

ABSTRAK

Daun hantap (Sterculia coccinea Var. Jack) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman yang diduga mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil standarisasi simplisia daun hantap dan mengevaluasi apakah ekstrak daun hantap mempunyai aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans. Prosedur penelitian meliputi pemeriksaan karakteristik mutu simplisia yang mencakup parameter spesifik dan non spesifik, dilanjutkan dengan pengujian aktivitas antijamur menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Pemeriksaan makroskopik menunjukkan serbuk simplisia berwarna hijau, berbau khas, dan tidak berasa. Pemeriksaan mikroskopik mengidentifikasi fragmen khas berupa butir pati, rambut penutup, stomata tipe anomocytic, berkas pembuluh, epidermis atas, dan epidermis bawah. Kadar sari larut etanol 14,36%, kadar sari larut air 18,29%, kadar air 4%, kadar abu total 8,64%, kadar abu tidak larut asam 1,64%, dan susut pengeringan 6,83%, seluruhnya memenuhi persyaratan Farmakope Herbal Indonesia (FHI) 2017. Aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans ATCC 18804 ditemukan pada ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol. Ekstrak n-heksan tidak menunjukkan zona hambat pada semua konsentrasi. Kedua ekstrak aktif memiliki diameter zona hambat yang kuat pada konsentrasi 100%. Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dari kedua ekstrak terhadap Candida albicans ATCC 18804 adalah konsentrasi 1%.